Missouri Laws for Mopeds, Scooters, and Electric Bikes

The increasing popularity of mopeds, scooters, and electric bikes as convenient and eco-friendly modes of transportation necessitates a clear understanding of the legal framework governing their use. In Missouri, specific statutes regulate the licensing, registration, and operational requirements for these vehicles to ensure safety and compliance. This article provides a comprehensive analysis of Missouri laws pertaining to mopeds, scooters, and electric bikes, citing the Missouri Revised Statutes (RSMo) and offering practical examples to illustrate legal requirements.

Mopeds

Definition and Classification

According to Missouri law, a moped, also referred to as a motorized bicycle, is a vehicle with the following characteristics:

  • Engine Capacity: Not more than 50 cubic centimeters (cc)

  • Horsepower: Produces fewer than 3 brake horsepower

  • Transmission: Automatic

  • Maximum Speed: Capable of propelling the vehicle at a maximum speed of 30 miles per hour (MPH) on flat ground

Licensing and Registration

Mopeds in Missouri are subject to specific licensing and registration requirements:

  • Driver's License: Operators must hold a valid driver's license to legally operate a moped on public streets and highways.

  • Registration: Mopeds do not need to be titled or registered as long as they meet the definition criteria.

Operational Requirements

Moped operators must adhere to the following operational requirements:

  • Traffic Laws: Must follow all state traffic laws and regulations while operating the moped.

  • Helmet Use: While there is no statewide requirement for helmet use, local jurisdictions may have specific helmet laws that must be followed.

  • Restrictions: Mopeds cannot be operated on certain parts of the federal interstate highway system.

Scooters

Definition and Classification

The term "scooter" in Missouri generally refers to motorized bicycles, with specific characteristics similar to mopeds :

  • Engine Capacity: Not more than 50 cc.

  • Horsepower: Produces fewer than 3 brake horsepower.

  • Transmission: Automatic.

  • Maximum Speed: Capable of propelling the vehicle at a maximum speed of 30 MPH on flat ground.

Licensing and Registration

For scooters, the licensing and registration requirements are aligned with those for mopeds, provided they meet the same criteria:

  • Driver's License: Operators must hold a valid driver's license .

  • Registration: Scooters do not need to be titled or registered if they meet the defined criteria .

Operational Requirements

Scooter operators must follow the same operational requirements as moped operators .

Electric Bikes

Definition and Classification

Missouri law recognizes three classes of electric bikes (e-bikes), each with specific definitions and requirements :

  • Class 1: Features a motor that assists while pedaling and stops assisting at 20 MPH .

  • Class 2: Equipped with a throttle-actuated motor that ceases to assist at 20 MPH .

  • Class 3: Similar to Class 1 but assists up to 28 MPH.

Licensing and Registration

The legal requirements for electric bikes differ from those for mopeds and scooters:

  • Licensing: Operators of e-bikes do not need a driver's license .

  • Registration: E-bikes do not need to be titled or registered.

Operational Requirements

Electric bikes have specific operational requirements:

  • Labeling: Manufacturers must apply a permanent label to each e-bike, indicating its classification, top assisted speed, and motor wattage.

  • Path Use: Class 1 and Class 2 e-bikes can be ridden on bicycle or multi-use paths unless restricted by local authorities . Class 3 e-bikes have more limitations and may be prohibited on certain paths 6.

  • Safety Standards: E-bikes must comply with equipment and manufacturing standards set by the United States Consumer Product Safety Commission.

  • Operation: E-bikes must operate in a manner where the electric motor disengages when the rider stops pedaling or when the brakes are applied.

Conclusion

Missouri provides a clear legal framework for the use of mopeds, scooters, and electric bikes, ensuring that these vehicles are operated safely and within the bounds of the law. Understanding the specific requirements for licensing, registration, and operation can help users stay compliant and enjoy the benefits of these convenient modes of transport. Whether you are considering a moped, scooter, or electric bike, ensuring adherence to Missouri's laws is essential for safety and legality.

Legal Citations

  • Mopeds and Scooters: Missouri Department of Revenue, DMV.org

  • Motorized Bicycles Regulations: Missouri State Highway Patrol

  • Electric Bikes: Missouri Revised Statutes, Section 307.194.

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